2,943 research outputs found
Current rectification by asymmetric molecules: An ab initio study
We study current rectification effect in an asymmetric molecule
HOOC-CH-(CH) sandwiched between two Aluminum electrodes using
an {\sl ab initio} nonequilibrium Green function method. The conductance of the
system decreases exponentially with the increasing number of CH. The
phenomenon of current rectification is observed such that a very small current
appears at negative bias and a sharp negative differential resistance at a
critical positive bias when . The rectification effect arises from the
asymmetric structure of the molecule and the molecule-electrode couplings. A
significant rectification ratio of 38 can be achieved when .Comment: to appear in J. Chem. Phy
The Conditional Colour-Magnitude Distribution: I. A Comprehensive Model of the Colour-Magnitude-Halo Mass Distribution of Present-Day Galaxies
We formulate a model of the conditional colour-magnitude distribution (CCMD)
to describe the distribution of galaxy luminosity and colour as a function of
halo mass. It consists of two populations of different colour distributions,
dubbed pseudo-blue and pseudo-red, respectively, with each further separated
into central and satellite galaxies. We define a global parameterization of
these four colour-magnitude distributions and their dependence on halo mass,
and we infer parameter values by simultaneously fitting the space densities and
auto-correlation functions of 79 galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey defined by fine bins in the colour-magnitude diagram (CMD). The model
deprojects the overall galaxy CMD, revealing its tomograph along the halo mass
direction. The bimodality of the colour distribution is driven by central
galaxies at most luminosities, though at low luminosities it is driven by the
difference between blue centrals and red satellites. For central galaxies, the
two pseudo-colour components are distinct and orthogonal to each other in the
CCMD: at fixed halo mass, pseudo-blue galaxies have a narrow luminosity range
and broad colour range, while pseudo-red galaxies have a narrow colour range
and broad luminosity range. For pseudo-blue centrals, luminosity correlates
tightly with halo mass, while for pseudo-red galaxies colour correlates more
tightly (redder galaxies in more massive haloes). The satellite fraction is
higher for redder and for fainter galaxies, with colour a stronger indicator
than luminosity. We discuss the implications of the results and further
applications of the CCMD model.Comment: 32 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Does Corporate Social Responsibility Reduce the Costs of High Leverage? Evidence from Capital Structure and Product Market Interactions
Research on capital structure and product market interactions shows that high leverage is associated with substantial losses in market share due to unfavorable actions by customers and competitors. We examine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects firms’ interactions with customers and competitors, and whether it can reduce the costs of high leverage. We find that CSR reduces losses in market share when firms are highly leveraged. By reducing adverse behavior by customers and competitors, CSR helps highly leveraged firms keep customers and guard against rivals’ predation. Our results support the stakeholder value maximization view of CSR
Constraining the HI-Halo Mass Relation From Galaxy Clustering
We study the dependence of galaxy clustering on atomic gas mass using a
sample of 16,000 galaxies with redshift in the range of
and HI mass of , drawn from the 70% complete sample
of the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey. We construct subsamples of galaxies
with above different thresholds, and make volume-limited
clustering measurements in terms of three statistics: the projected two-point
correlation function, the projected cross-correlation function with respect to
a reference sample selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and the
redshift-space monopole moment. In contrast to previous studies, which found
no/weak HI-mass dependence, we find both the clustering amplitude on scales
above a few Mpc and the bias factors to increase significantly with increasing
HI mass for subsamples with HI mass thresholds above . For HI
mass thresholds below , while the measurements have large
uncertainties caused by the limited survey volume and sample size, the inferred
galaxy bias factors are systematically lower than the minimum halo bias factor
from mass-selected halo samples. The simple halo model, in which galaxy content
is only determined by halo mass, has difficulties in interpreting the
clustering measurements of the HI-selected samples. We extend the simple model
by including the halo formation time as an additional parameter. A model that
puts HI-rich galaxies into halos that formed late can reproduce the clustering
measurements reasonably well. We present the implications of our best-fitting
model on the correlation of HI mass with halo mass and formation time, as well
as the halo occupation distributions and HI mass functions for central and
satellite galaxies. These results are compared with the predictions from
semi-analytic galaxy formation models and hydrodynamic galaxy formation
simulations.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. The 2PCF measurements are available
at http://sdss4.shao.ac.cn/guoh
Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediammonium] hexabromidoplumbate(II)
The title compound, (C12H16N2)2[PbBr6], is an organic–inorganic salt, with two doubly protonated N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediammonium cations and one octahedral hexabromidoplumbate(II) anion. The PbII atom is located on a centre of inversion. The crystal structure consists of alternating inorganic and organic layers parallel to the bc plane. Face-to-face aromatic stacking interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.505 (5) Å] occur between parallel naphthalene systems in the organic layers, and N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds between the cations and anions stabilize the crystal structure
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